CSI Computerized Scanning and Imaging Facility - hearing loss http://csi.whoi.edu/taxonomy/term/31/all en Non anthropogenic deafness in marine mammals: Hearing that is going, going, gone http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/non-anthropogenic-deafness-marine-mammals-hearing-going-going-gone <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/non-anthropogenic-deafness-marine-mammals-hearing-going-going-gone" class="sharethis-link" title="Non anthropogenic deafness in marine mammals: Hearing that is going, going, gone" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[1617] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/4">Ketten, D. R.</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/9">J. J. Arruda</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/217">J. O&#039;Malley</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/8">S. R. Cramer</a>, and <a href="/biblio/author/42">J. A. Hammock</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/non-anthropogenic-deafness-marine-mammals-hearing-going-going-gone">Non anthropogenic deafness in marine mammals: Hearing that is going, going, gone</a>&quot;, </span> <i>Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</i>, vol. 124, issue 4: Acoustical Society of America, pp. 2505, 11/2008. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.atitle=Non+anthropogenic+deafness+in+marine+mammals%3A+Hearing+that+is+going%2C+going%2C+gone&amp;rft.title=Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.volume=124&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.spage=2505&amp;rft.aulast=Ketten&amp;rft.aufirst=Darlene&amp;rft.pub=Acoustical+Society+of+America"></span><div class="field field-pdf"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="field-label-inline-first"> Get PDF:&nbsp;</div> <div class="filefield-file"><img class="filefield-icon field-icon-application-pdf" alt="application/pdf icon" src="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/all/modules/filefield/icons/application-pdf.png" /><a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/default/files/nonanthropogenic.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=200382" title="nonanthropogenic.pdf">Full Text.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> </div> anthropogenic deafness hearing loss marine mammals noise exposure Mon, 20 Aug 2012 16:18:22 +0000 csiadmin 1617 at http://csi.whoi.edu Hearing Loss in Harbor Seals: Differential Diagnoses of Conductive and Sensorineural Losses via Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEP), Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE), and Computerized Tomography (CT) http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/hearing-loss-harbor-seals-differential-diagnoses-conductive-and-sensorineural-losses-auditory <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/hearing-loss-harbor-seals-differential-diagnoses-conductive-and-sensorineural-losses-auditory" class="sharethis-link" title="Hearing Loss in Harbor Seals: Differential Diagnoses of Conductive and Sensorineural Losses via Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEP), Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE), and Computerized Tomography (CT)" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[1430] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/4">Ketten, D. R.</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/202">A. T. Mooney</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/309">R. C. Williams</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/310">K. Matassa</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/100">K. Patchett</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/9">J. J. Arruda</a>, and <a href="/biblio/author/8">S. R. Cramer</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/hearing-loss-harbor-seals-differential-diagnoses-conductive-and-sensorineural-losses-auditory">Hearing Loss in Harbor Seals: Differential Diagnoses of Conductive and Sensorineural Losses via Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEP), Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE), and Computerized Tomography (CT)</a>&quot;, </span> <i>19th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals</i>, Tampa, FL, Society for Marine Mammology, pp. 156, 11/2011. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;rft.title=Hearing+Loss+in+Harbor+Seals%3A+Differential+Diagnoses+of+Conductive+and+Sensorineural+Losses+via+Auditory+Evoked+Potentials+%28AEP%29%2C+Otoacoustic+Emissions+%28OAE%29%2C+and+Computerized+Tomography+%28CT%29&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.spage=156&amp;rft.aulast=Ketten&amp;rft.aufirst=Darlene&amp;rft.pub=Society+for+Marine+Mammology&amp;rft.place=Tampa%2C+FL"></span><div class="field field-pdf"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="field-label-inline-first"> Get PDF:&nbsp;</div> <div class="filefield-file"><img class="filefield-icon field-icon-application-pdf" alt="application/pdf icon" src="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/all/modules/filefield/icons/application-pdf.png" /><a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/default/files/literature/4496_001%202.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=146866" title="4496_001 2.pdf">Abstract.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> </div> As concerns for noise impacts continue, more species and individuals are being tested to determine hearing ranges and peak sensitivities. In employing these results, it must be considered that data, particularly from stranded wild animals, older individuals, or high noise areas, may reflect abnormal hearing. Case studies demonstrate pinnipeds sustain a wide range of conditions that may impair hearing. Approximately 20 % of stranded seals have ear infections which if undetected and untreated may lead to septicemia. <p><a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/hearing-loss-harbor-seals-differential-diagnoses-conductive-and-sensorineural-losses-auditory" target="_blank">read more</a></p> AEP auditory evoked potential computerized tomography CT harbor seal hearing loss noise impacts oae otoacoustic emissions phoca vitulina pinniped Thu, 22 Dec 2011 17:51:05 +0000 csiadmin 1430 at http://csi.whoi.edu Underwater ears and the physiology of impacts: comparative liability for hearing loss in sea turtles, birds, and mammals http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/underwater-ears-and-physiology-impacts-comparative-liability-hearing-loss-sea-turtles-birds-a <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/underwater-ears-and-physiology-impacts-comparative-liability-hearing-loss-sea-turtles-birds-a" class="sharethis-link" title="Underwater ears and the physiology of impacts: comparative liability for hearing loss in sea turtles, birds, and mammals" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[768] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/4">Ketten, D. R.</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/underwater-ears-and-physiology-impacts-comparative-liability-hearing-loss-sea-turtles-birds-a">Underwater ears and the physiology of impacts: comparative liability for hearing loss in sea turtles, birds, and mammals</a>&quot;, </span> <i>Bioacoustics</i>, vol. 17, issue 1-3, pp. 312-315, 2008. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.atitle=Underwater+ears+and+the+physiology+of+impacts%3A+comparative+liability+for+hearing+loss+in+sea+turtles%2C+birds%2C+and+mammals&amp;rft.title=Bioacoustics&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.volume=17&amp;rft.issue=1-3&amp;rft.spage=312&amp;rft.epage=315&amp;rft.aulast=Ketten&amp;rft.aufirst=Darlene"></span><div class="field field-pdf"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="field-label-inline-first"> Get PDF:&nbsp;</div> <div class="filefield-file"><img class="filefield-icon field-icon-application-pdf" alt="application/pdf icon" src="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/all/modules/filefield/icons/application-pdf.png" /><a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/default/files/literature/Full_Text.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=228649" title="Full_Text.pdf">Full_text.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> </div> birds hearing loss mammals physiological impacts sea turtles underwater hearing Tue, 16 Nov 2010 16:13:20 +0000 768 at http://csi.whoi.edu Blast injury in humpback whale ears: evidence and implications http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/blast-injury-humpback-whale-ears-evidence-and-implications <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/blast-injury-humpback-whale-ears-evidence-and-implications" class="sharethis-link" title="Blast injury in humpback whale ears: evidence and implications" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[82] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/4">Ketten, D. R.</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/149">J. Lien</a>, and <a href="/biblio/author/147">S. Todd</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/blast-injury-humpback-whale-ears-evidence-and-implications">Blast injury in humpback whale ears: evidence and implications</a>&quot;, </span> <i>Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</i>, vol. 94, issue 3 pt. 2, Denver, Colorado, Acoustical Society of America, pp. 1849-1850, 09/1993. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.atitle=Blast+injury+in+humpback+whale+ears%3A+evidence+and+implications&amp;rft.title=Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rft.volume=94&amp;rft.issue=3+pt.+2&amp;rft.spage=1849&amp;rft.epage=1850&amp;rft.aulast=Ketten&amp;rft.aufirst=Darlene&amp;rft.pub=Acoustical+Society+of+America&amp;rft.place=Denver%2C+Colorado"></span> acoustic trauma anthropogenic sound auditory pathology blast blast trauma explosive trauma hearing hearing loss hearing pathology histopathology humpback whales impulse noise marine mammals megaptera novaeangliae mysticetes noise noise exposure temporal bones trauma Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:55:46 +0000 82 at http://csi.whoi.edu Otopathology in a case of multichannel cochlear implantation http://csi.whoi.edu/content/otopathology-case-multichannel-cochlear-implantation <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/content/otopathology-case-multichannel-cochlear-implantation" class="sharethis-link" title="Otopathology in a case of multichannel cochlear implantation" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[78] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/118">Nadol, Jr., J. B.</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/4">D. R. Ketten</a>, and <a href="/biblio/author/120">B. J. Burgess</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/content/otopathology-case-multichannel-cochlear-implantation">Otopathology in a case of multichannel cochlear implantation</a>&quot;, </span> <i>Laryngoscope</i>, vol. 104, issue 3, pp. 299-303, 03/1994. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.atitle=Otopathology+in+a+case+of+multichannel+cochlear+implantation&amp;rft.title=Laryngoscope&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.volume=104&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.spage=299&amp;rft.epage=303&amp;rft.aulast=Nadol&amp;rft.aufirst=Joseph"></span><div class="field field-pdf"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="field-label-inline-first"> Get PDF:&nbsp;</div> <div class="filefield-file"><img class="filefield-icon field-icon-application-pdf" alt="application/pdf icon" src="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/all/modules/filefield/icons/application-pdf.png" /><a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/default/files/literature/Full%20Text_32.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=758032">Full Text.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> </div> auditory pathology cochlea cochlear implant hearing hearing loss hearing pathology histopathology humans inner ear spiral ganglion cell count spiral ganglion cells temporal structure Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:55:45 +0000 78 at http://csi.whoi.edu Estimates of blast injury and acoustic trauma zones for marine mammals from underwater explosions http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/estimates-blast-injury-and-acoustic-trauma-zones-marine-mammals-underwater-explosions <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/estimates-blast-injury-and-acoustic-trauma-zones-marine-mammals-underwater-explosions" class="sharethis-link" title="Estimates of blast injury and acoustic trauma zones for marine mammals from underwater explosions" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[77] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/4">Ketten, D. R.</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/estimates-blast-injury-and-acoustic-trauma-zones-marine-mammals-underwater-explosions">Estimates of blast injury and acoustic trauma zones for marine mammals from underwater explosions</a>&quot;, </span> <i>Sensory Systems of Aquatic Mammals</i>, Woerden, The Netherlands, De Spil Publishers, pp. 391-408, 1995. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.atitle=Estimates+of+blast+injury+and+acoustic+trauma+zones+for+marine+mammals+from+underwater+explosions&amp;rft.title=Sensory+Systems+of+Aquatic+Mammals&amp;rft.btitle=Sensory+Systems+of+Aquatic+Mammals&amp;rft.isbn=90-72743-05-9&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft.spage=391&amp;rft.epage=408&amp;rft.aulast=Ketten&amp;rft.aufirst=Darlene&amp;rft.pub=De+Spil+Publishers&amp;rft.place=Woerden%2C+The+Netherlands"></span><div class="field field-pdf"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="field-label-inline-first"> Get PDF:&nbsp;</div> <div class="filefield-file"><img class="filefield-icon field-icon-application-pdf" alt="application/pdf icon" src="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/all/modules/filefield/icons/application-pdf.png" /><a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/default/files/literature/Full%20Text_31.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=1295641">Full Text.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> </div> acoustic trauma auditory pathology blast trauma explosive trauma hearing hearing loss hearing pathology IEBT inner ear barotrauma land mammals marine mammals mysticetes odontocetes permanent threshold shift PTS temporary threshold shift trauma TTS Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:55:44 +0000 77 at http://csi.whoi.edu Are low frequency sounds a marine hearing hazard: a case study in the Canary Islands [abstract] http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/are-low-frequency-sounds-marine-hearing-hazard-case-study-canary-islands-abstract <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/are-low-frequency-sounds-marine-hearing-hazard-case-study-canary-islands-abstract" class="sharethis-link" title="Are low frequency sounds a marine hearing hazard: a case study in the Canary Islands [abstract]" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[68] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/135">Andre, M. C.</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/136">C. Kaminga</a>, and <a href="/biblio/author/4">D. R. Ketten</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/are-low-frequency-sounds-marine-hearing-hazard-case-study-canary-islands-abstract">Are low frequency sounds a marine hearing hazard: a case study in the Canary Islands [abstract]</a>&quot;, </span> <i>Bioacoustics Journal</i>, vol. 9, issue 3: Taylor and Francis in association with The British Library Sound Archive, pp. 220, 12/1998. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.atitle=Are+low+frequency+sounds+a+marine+hearing+hazard%3A+a+case+study+in+the+Canary+Islands+%5Babstract%5D&amp;rft.title=Bioacoustics+Journal&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.volume=9&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.spage=220&amp;rft.aulast=Andre&amp;rft.aufirst=Michel&amp;rft.pub=Taylor+and+Francis+in+association+with+The+British+Library+Sound+Archive"></span> acoustics Ambient noise auditory pathology Canary Islands case case study Disaster Accident Environment frequency Geography Geography of the European Union hazard hearing hearing loss hearing pathology Infrasound low frequency marine mammals Marine mammals and sonar noise noise exposure Otology physeter catadon physeter macrocephalus physeteridae Physical geography ship strike Shipping Sperm Whale study Technology Internet Waves Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:55:40 +0000 68 at http://csi.whoi.edu Man-made noise in the oceans: irrelevant or irreparable? (Plenary lecture) http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/man-made-noise-oceans-irrelevant-or-irreparable-plenary-lecture <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/man-made-noise-oceans-irrelevant-or-irreparable-plenary-lecture" class="sharethis-link" title="Man-made noise in the oceans: irrelevant or irreparable? (Plenary lecture)" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[66] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/4">Ketten, D. R.</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/man-made-noise-oceans-irrelevant-or-irreparable-plenary-lecture">Man-made noise in the oceans: irrelevant or irreparable? (Plenary lecture)</a>&quot;, </span> <i>World Marine Mammal Conference; joint meeting, European Cetacean Society and the Society for Marine Mammalogy</i>, Monaco, European Cetacean Society and the Society for Marine Mammalogy, 1998. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;rft.title=Man-made+noise+in+the+oceans%3A+irrelevant+or+irreparable%3F+%28Plenary+lecture%29&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.aulast=Ketten&amp;rft.aufirst=Darlene&amp;rft.pub=European+Cetacean+Society+and+the+Society+for+Marine+Mammalogy&amp;rft.place=Monaco"></span> acoustic trauma anthropogenic sound auditory pathology behavior blast trauma conservation explosive trauma hearing hearing loss hearing pathology IEBT impulse noise inner ear inner ear barotrauma man made noise marine mammals noise noise exposure oceans permanent threshold shift plenary lecture PTS sonar temporary threshold shift trauma TTS Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:55:39 +0000 66 at http://csi.whoi.edu Marine mammal hearing and acoustic trauma: basic mechanisms, marine adaptations, and beaked whale anomalies http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/marine-mammal-hearing-and-acoustic-trauma-basic-mechanisms-marine-adaptations-and-beaked-whal <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/marine-mammal-hearing-and-acoustic-trauma-basic-mechanisms-marine-adaptations-and-beaked-whal" class="sharethis-link" title="Marine mammal hearing and acoustic trauma: basic mechanisms, marine adaptations, and beaked whale anomalies" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[64] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/4">Ketten, D. R.</a>, </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/marine-mammal-hearing-and-acoustic-trauma-basic-mechanisms-marine-adaptations-and-beaked-whal">Marine mammal hearing and acoustic trauma: basic mechanisms, marine adaptations, and beaked whale anomalies</a>&quot;, </span> <i>Report of the Bioacoustics Panel, NATO/SACLANT</i>: NATO/SACLANT, pp. 2/21-2/63-78, 1998. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;rft.title=Marine+mammal+hearing+and+acoustic+trauma%3A+basic+mechanisms%2C+marine+adaptations%2C+and+beaked+whale+anomalies&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.spage=2%2F21&amp;rft.epage=2%2F63&amp;rft.aulast=Ketten&amp;rft.aufirst=Darlene&amp;rft.pub=NATO%2FSACLANT"></span><div class="field field-pdf"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="field-label-inline-first"> Get PDF:&nbsp;</div> <div class="filefield-file"><img class="filefield-icon field-icon-application-pdf" alt="application/pdf icon" src="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/all/modules/filefield/icons/application-pdf.png" /><a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/default/files/literature/Full%20Text_25.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=429633">Full Text.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> </div> acoustic trauma adaptations anomalies auditory pathology beaked whale beaked whales blast trauma cetacea Environment explosive trauma hearing hearing loss hearing pathology mammal Marine marine mammal marine mammals Marine mammals and sonar mechanisms Megafauna Mesoplodont whales morphology odontocetes Toothed whales trauma whale Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:55:38 +0000 64 at http://csi.whoi.edu Histopathology of cochlear implants in humans http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/histopathology-cochlear-implants-humans <a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/biblio/histopathology-cochlear-implants-humans" class="sharethis-link" title="Histopathology of cochlear implants in humans" rel="nofollow">ShareThis</a>[60] <span class="biblio-authors"><a href="/biblio/author/118">Nadol, Jr., J. B.</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/119">J. Y. Shiao</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/120">B. J. Burgess</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/4">D. R. Ketten</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/121">D. K. Eddington</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/122">B. J. Gantz</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/123">I. Kos</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/124">P. Montandon</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/125">N. J. Coker</a>, <a href="/biblio/author/126">T. J. Roland, Jr.</a>, et al., </span> <span class="biblio-title">&quot;<a href="/biblio/histopathology-cochlear-implants-humans">Histopathology of cochlear implants in humans</a>&quot;, </span> <i>Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology</i>, vol. 110, issue 9: Annals Publishing, pp. 883-891, 09/2001. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.atitle=Histopathology+of+cochlear+implants+in+humans&amp;rft.title=Annals+of+Otology%2C+Rhinology+%26amp%3B+Laryngology&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.volume=110&amp;rft.issue=9&amp;rft.spage=883&amp;rft.epage=891&amp;rft.aulast=Nadol&amp;rft.aufirst=Joseph&amp;rft.pub=Annals+Publishing"></span><div class="field field-pdf"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="field-label-inline-first"> Get PDF:&nbsp;</div> <div class="filefield-file"><img class="filefield-icon field-icon-application-pdf" alt="application/pdf icon" src="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/all/modules/filefield/icons/application-pdf.png" /><a href="http://csi.whoi.edu/sites/default/files/literature/Full%20Text_24.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=1087160">Full Text.pdf</a></div> </div> </div> </div> auditory pathology cochlea cochlear cochlear implants electrode trauma hearing hearing loss hearing pathology histopathology humans inner ear neo-osteogenesis spiral ganglion cell count spiral ganglion cells temporal bones Mon, 22 Mar 2010 19:55:35 +0000 60 at http://csi.whoi.edu